Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons PDF
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Published on 1983-01-01 by National Academies Press
The Clean Air Act stipulates that from time to time the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) shall revise a list that includes pollutants that may be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare and for which air-quality criteria have not been issued. As part of a continuing contract with the National Academy of Sciences to prepare scientific and technical assessment reports on selected pollutants, the EPA asked for an evaluation of selected and representative pyrene compounds and their analogues as they occur as pollutants in the ambient air, especially those from mobile sources. The Committee on Pyrene and Selected Analogues, appointed by the National Research Council, selected representative pyrenes and close chemical relatives for study. Great difficulties necessarily are encountered when a study covers a large number of compounds. It is extremely difficult to be comprehensive and discuss every compound in detail. The Committee found that there were far more sources of human exposure to pyrenes than vehicle exhaust--for instance, cigarette-smoking, coke ovens, wood-burning, and some foods. The Committee is aware that some of its interpretations are founded on data that are neither clear-cut nor complete. This is true of its efforts to extrapolate risks, to identify susceptible groups in the population, and to assess economic alternatives for control or abatement of the pollutants in question. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been reviewed previously as components of atmospheric pollution and as potential human-health hazards. This document attempts to make current the information on the sources, formation, atmospheric persistence and transformations, biologic effects, and toxicokinetics of a select group of PAHs and on the identification of populations hypersensitive to them. The document also presents material on human risk assessment and develops an approximate estimate of the societal value of reducing environmental emission of benzo[a]pyrene. Benzo[a]pyrene is used as a surrogate PAH. It may not be the best indicator of the biologic effects of other PAHs in soots and smokes. However, the literature on benzo[a]pyrene is considerably more voluminous than that on other PAHs. It should also be recognized that the benzo[a]pyrene concentrations in soots and smokes is small and that other PAHs present in smokes have greater biologic activity, such as nitro-PAHs. The specific PAHs discussed in this report were selected on the basis of their relative concentrations in various emission or combustion products or because they are pharmacologically active. The structures of the selected compounds are presented in Appendix A.
This Book was ranked at 22 by Google Books for keyword automobile engineering after 12th science.
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